MODERN PROBLEMS OF ENERGY SECURITY OF UKRAINE IN THE TRANSFORMATIONAL WORLD

Abstract

The article analyzes the main tendencies of the development of the energy sector of Ukraine in modern geopolitical conditions.  The state of and dynamics of the level of energy security of Ukraine during the last 25 years has been assessed.  Energy in the modern world is an essential component of the economy of any country.  The article focuses on the fact that the states of the world are divided into those who have sufficient energy resources for their lack of use, those who are inadequate and individual countries, concerned about falling demand and prices for certain types of resources.  As the conclusion in the article, it is stated that energy security is a problem for all countries of the world.  Some depend on supply, others on demand, their economy, as a rule, rests on the income from the sale of energy resources.

In the course of the study, it was found that under conditions of the transformation of economic systems in the countries of the world, a significant destabilizing effect on energy markets creates a difficult political situation in the main hydrocarbon areas of the world - the Middle East, Central Asian states, Russia's military conflict in the East of Ukraine, the separation of gas and  the oil shelf of the Black Sea from Ukraine by the UN court decision, etc.  The lack of an exhaust mechanism for resolving the controversial interests of energy market participants, terrorist acts on energy facilities and the economic interest of power structures lead to significant increases in energy risks and threats.

In the course of the research, the methodology of approaches to determining the current level of Ukraine's energy security by its components is presented in the article, which provides an opportunity to determine the expected threats in the country's economy, as well as to identify promising directions for strengthening energy security through the use of natural components - wind energy, solar water and atomic energy. However, when formulating a strategy for the introduction of innovative energy saving technologies, including advanced technologies for the conversion and use of renewable energy, an energy security assessment is needed.  In order to provide an adequate assessment, it is proposed to use a system of energy safety indicators.

 The article analyzes the importance and long-term energy interests, researches the threats to national energy security and the factors of its provision.