COMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN ACCOUNTING SYSTEMS ON THE EXAMPLE OF GERMANY

Abstract

The purpose of the article is to study the experience of reflecting accounting processes in the documents of companies of the Federal Republic of Germany (Germany), which is a basic element in building a harmonized accounting system with EU countries. To achieve the above goal, the authors set a task to compare the characteristics of accounting in Germany and Ukraine, to determine the features of development and construction of a modern accounting system in Germany, to formulate practical recommendations for improving accounting processes in Ukraine. The object of research is the process of accounting in Germany and Ukraine. The subject of the study are the principles and methods of accounting in these countries. As Germany stands out among the EU countries with a clear formalized approach to the application of statutory accounting and reporting standards, the experience of reflecting accounting processes in the documents of enterprises and companies of this country is important for building a harmonized accounting system in Ukraine. The German accounting system uses the principle of obligation, the essence of which is as follows: the direct basis for calculating tax payments are accounting accounts. In the organization of accounting in Germany automated form of its maintenance such as specialized accounting programs are mainly used. One such program is the SAP program. Given that the principles and methods of accounting used in Germany and Ukraine are almost the same, except for the principle of obligation used in Germany, it is recommended to implement SAP as an automated accounting system everywhere in large and medium-sized enterprises in Ukraine.