THE ONTOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE ESSENCE OF CRYPTOCURRENCY AND ITS DISPLAY IN ACCOUNTING

Abstract

The article deals with ontological aspects of cryptocurrency, its classification characteristics and types. The questions related to the creation of a new instrument of monetary policy are studied. The authors carry out analysis of foreign and domestic scientific papers, international and state regulatory documents linked with cryptocurrencies. The study reveals the distinctive features of cryptocurrency from the concepts of ‘digital currency’ and ‘virtual currency’, as well as historical stages of their development.
The authors describe characteristics of three main communication elements between the participants of operations with cryptocurrencies. The article discloses the model of decentralized digital currency schemes and their main characteristics. The paper presents the analysis of normative documents regulating the turnover of cryptocurrency in Ukraine and considers the problems of displaying transactions with cryptocurrencies in the accounting.
The authors investigate the problems of cryptocurrency’s use as a full-fledged currency in contemporary economic conditions, in particular, the absence of a centralized cryptocurrency emission institutions, circulation control, transaction anonymity and insufficient of high liquidity, as well as substantial short-term leaps in its value.
According to the results of the study the authors propose approaches of book-keeping for transactions with cryptocurrency in accounting for companies in Ukraine depending on the purpose of their use (purchase of a web-purse for operations with cryptocurrency, purch