THE PRESIDENTS OF ZHYTOMYR CITY IN 1782–1793

Abstract

This article examines the introduction of the position of president in Zhytomyr magistrate during the urban reforms of the second half of the 18th century within the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, as the rule of Stanisław August Poniatowski in 1764 was characterized by significant social-political transformations. The article highlights the transformations in self-governance. Such as abolition of position of burmistrz and lantwóyt, which lead to the installation of president and vice-president in magistrate. This article highlights main responsibilities assigned to the president emphasizing his role in overseeing city administration, including the management of urban development, sanitation and other municipal duties. It also explores the impact of the Good Order Commissions, established in 1768 on the municipal transformations in Zhytomyr. Also, the article provides information about the personal backgrounds of Zhytomyr's presidents, examining their families, social standing, and connections within the urban community. The transition to a presidential system marked a critical moment in the evolution of municipal governance in Zhytomyr, reflecting broader changes across the region and the Polish-Lithuainian Commonwealth in general.