FEATURES OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE OF CHILDREN OF DIVORCED PARENTS AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH SOCIOMETRIC STATUS IN PRIMARY SCHOOL AGE

Abstrakt

This article highlights the actuality of the study of emotional intelligence. Emotional intelligence is considered as a factor contributing to the adaptation and socialization of the individual. The concept itself is viewed in a broad sense as the ability to control feelings and emotions, to distinguish between oneself and other people, and also to use this knowledge to control one's thoughts and actions. The article focuses on the fact that emotional intelligence is especially intensively developed exactly at primary school age, while experiencing numerous transformations and changes.
The results of available research in the diagnosis of emotional intelligence by children of primary school age (Ryzhov D.M.) are presented. Within this article, it was carried out the study of the emotional intelligence by children of primary school age and the identification of the features of the emotional intelligence of children of divorced parents. In total, 153 children of primary school age, representatives of both sexes, took part in this study.
Using the technique "Special awareness: emotions and feelings" by E. I. Izotova, the following results were obtained: statistically significant differences were noted on most scales of the questionnaire ("Expression of emotions", "Causes of emotional experiences", "Empathy") and on the overall level of emotional intelligence. Children of divorced parents have a higher level of emotional intelligence than children living with both biological parents.
Moreover, the diagnosis of the sociometric status of children of divorced parents of primary school age was carried out using the "Sociometry" technique (J. Moreno, adapted by Ya. L. Kolominsky). In this group, there is a predominance of children with the sociometric status of "preferred", which in turn is favorable and indicates the inclusion of the individual in society. It was put forward a hypothesis about the connection between the level of emotional intelligence and sociometric status in children of divorced parents of primary school age, but it was not confirmed, there is no statistically significant connection.
Thus, as a result of the study, it was revealed that children of divorced parents have higher indicators on most scales and on the overall level of emotional intelligence than children living with both biological parents. They have a better developed ability to understand their emotions and the emotions of other people, the ability to understand the reasons that caused these emotions, as well as predict the emotions of others and manage their own. Also, the children of divorced parents have a favorable sociometric status. They are accepted in class and have enough social contacts. All this makes it possible to assume that, in general, these children are sufficiently adapted and socialized in society. However, their sociometric status does not depend on the degree of development of their emotional intelligence.