THE STRUCTURAL-SEMANTIC AND FUNCTIONAL-STYLISH PECULIARITIES OF COMPOSITE NOUGHT-SUFFIX ADJECTIVES FOR THE DETERMINATION OF EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL ANIMAL FEATURES
Keywords:
zero suffi x, zero suffix, formant, zero suffi x word formation method, usual derivative, IAN, individual-author’s neologism, adjective complex zero-suffi xal composite, motivated, semi-motivated, non-motivated derivativeAbstract
Among the structural-semantic types of composites with materially unformed formant, it is quite productive, both in usage and among individual author’s neologism, to derive the defi nition of an animal by external and internal characteristics with the fi rst adjective component of non-colour semantics and the second noun component that was not the subject of a special research, and due to the relevance of the chosen topic. The analysis showed that among the composites of the lexical-semantic group which is under study, groups of motivated, semi-motivated and unmotivated derivatives are actively functioning. Motivated composites mean the external characteristics of animals, have 6 subgroups, which denote: form pieces and parametric characteristics of the animal; the quality of hair covering, skin (leather) and the horns of the animal; parts of the animal’s body according to perception by touch (tactile characteristics); animal of unusual appearance and the similarity of parts of the body to other subjects; strength,
endurance. Semi-motivated usual complex zero-suffi xal adjective derivatives and individual-author’s neologisms nominate the external characteristics of the animal and denote the quality of the animal’s hair covering. Non-motivated derivatives of the studied lexical-semantic
group are not common. According to the internal characteristics of the animal, only semi-motivated composites of the four subgroups are defi ned: for extraordinary visual properties; according to motor capabilities; by referring to the sound, condition of the animal. It was found that zero-suffi xal adjective composites are semantically diverse, have broad compatibility and are equally active in realizing their direct and fi gurative values. A signifi cant number of individual-authorʼs neologisms, giving way to distribution with nouns as nominating humans, mythical creatures, natural phenomena, stars, landscapes, weapons, mechanisms, vehicles, etc., realize a new fi gurative meaning «animation» of inanimate, acquiring in every case various semantic shades, thereby replenishing the corpus of epithets.
