THE ESSENCE OF CULTURE, ITS MAIN FUNCTIONS AND FEATURES OF HIGH- AND LOW-CONTEXT CULTURES THROUGH THE PRISM OF MODERN LINGUISTICS

Abstract

The given article is dealt with the analysis of the notion of culture in modern science. Thorough attention is paid to the linguistic view of the world which is considered to be the part of the cultural view of the world, background knowledge is of great importance within the latter one. Cultural linguistics is understood as the young discipline which studies the refl ection of culture in the language and discourse. Deep interest in the correlation between language and culture, essence and interdisciplinary character of culture defi nes the topicality of the represented investigation. The notion of the view of the world originates from the ideas of W. Humboldt and Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis. Each language refl ects the way of perception of the world by the certain ethnic group, which is different in its culture, values. It forms the national model of the world, which is the holistic image of the person’s activity. The national model of the world is the expression of understanding of the world by the means of the certain language. Culture is analyzed through the prism of its many functions, for example, informative, semiotic, communicative, axiological, regulative. The important aspect of study of linguoculture is context (micro, macro, vertical). More than that, it is important to take into consideration which type of the cultures the analyzed one belongs to.