MEANS OF EXPRESSION OF REFUSAL IN THE MODERN FRENCH LANGUAGE

Abstract

The article is devoted to the study of verbal and non-verbal means of expressing refusal in modern French. Types of direct (using a particle no, a verb in a negative form; statements that indicate impossibility, unwillingness to do something, etc.) and indirect (may appear in the form of justification, deterrence, preference, principle, excuse / regret, avoidance) refusal are determined. Structural and semantic peculiarities of statements with meaning «refusal» and their pragmatic load are analyzed. Explicit and implicit language means of refusal have been characterized. Non-verbal means of refusal (gestures, facial expressions, and even silence), which play a significant role in the process of communication are considered. Knowledge of nonverbal language not only helps to better understand people, but also (and above all) to predict what reaction it caused before speaking, to feel the need for change to achieve the desired result.
In the syntactical aspect, statements with a value of refusal can be made not only with narrative sentences, but also with exclamative, imperative sentences and rhetorical questions.
It was that the strategy of refusing to execute something may be part of such tactics of communication: – declare incompetent; refer to the inability to respond to the request at this time – refuse without any motivation; to abstain from the answer, to promise nothing concrete; make it clear that you do not wish to complete the application.
It is proved that the refusal must be convincing, correct and polite, so as not to cause aggression.