REPRESENTATION ASYMMETRY OF THE SEMANTIC STRUCTURE OF POLYSEMANTIC FORMING VERBS OF STATE IN THE MEANING OF DERIVED NOUNS

Abstract

The article deals with one of the important issues at the intersection of semantics and word-formation, namely, the interrelation between the semantic structure of the derived noun and the polysemantic nature of the forming verb denoting the internal state of the person.
It is known that the semantic components of the polysemantic word are in complex hierarchical relations, only separate lexical-semantic variants of the lexeme, and not its whole semantic structure, enter into the derivational processes. The verb is characterized by the developed system of meanings. It generates derived nouns that are syntactic derivatives or contain the derivative meaning of “state carrier”. Based on the oppositional contrast of the semantic structure of polysemantic forming verbs and noun derivatives, the author has developed the typology of their semantic and derivational relations, which consist in full and partial (by one meaning; by several meanings; by one or several meanings, but with the development of new lexical-semantic variants) representation of the semantic structure of the forming word in the derivative.
It has been found out that the polysemantic verbs tend to recategorize into substantives and preserve the whole range of meanings of forming words, but a significant number of syntactic derivatives correlate only with some lexical-semantic variants. The derivatives with the meaning of “state carrier” usually represent one meaning of the forming lexeme. A small number of verbal nouns develop new meanings, assymmetrical with the lexical-semantic variants of the forming word.