SEMANTIC PECULIARITIES OF BIBLICAL PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS DENOTING HUMAN MENTAL FEATURES (WITH REFERENCE TO UKRAINIAN, GERMAN AND ENGLISH)

Abstract

The study of phraseologisms as units reflecting the human factor in the language in recent decades remains relevant. Biblical phraseologisms from the point of view of phraseology are interesting and peculiar material for research. For the phraseology of many European languages, the Bible has become one of the most important sources of enrichment, filling these languages with hundreds of figurative, stable expressions.
This work was carried out in the framework of cognitive linguistics and is devoted to the study of the peculiarities of expressing the mental characteristics of a person on the basis of Ukrainian, English and German phraseological units with biblical components. Considering the typology of structural varieties of figuratively connotated phraseological units, the analyzed material indicates the presence of two types: idioms and figurative similes (comparatives). The study of internal (mental) characteristics of a person is related to the aspect of peculiarities of the inner form and semantics of these phraseological units. It is the inner form of these phraseological units, its semantic system that should highlight the features of semantic interpretation of the internal features of the human personality, which will allow us to connect these features with the linguistic and cultural specifics of ethno society, with its history and culture. In terms of the inner form, or motivational mechanism, the analyzed units as a whole are presented for analysis based on their metaphorical and metonymic motivation. The general direction of modern linguistic research on the study of individual groups of phraseological units, as well as on the identification and consideration of phenomena associated with the ethnocultural specificity of linguistic units, determines the relevance of this work.