METHODS OF TRANSLATING SYNTACTIC CONSTRUCTIONS FROM ENGLISH TO UKRAINIAN

Abstract

The article focuses on the study of the ways of reproduction of the syntactic structures of English by the means of the Ukrainian language, which, taking into account the difference in the morphological type of the analyzed languages, causes certain difficulties associated with the need for their reconstruction or transformation in accordance with the requirements of the language of translation.
The purpose of the study is to study the methods and tactics of translating grammatical constructions into Ukrainian.
Research methods include morphological and syntactic analysis, comparative analysis, component analysis, complex translational analysis, interpretive and descriptive analysis, as well as the method of quantitative analysis. Empirical studies and an analytical review of the literature on the material of corpora of English and Ukrainian syntactic constructions of a diverse nature demonstrated the fact that a number of syntactic forms are lacunar, which forces the translator to apply translation transformations during translation, which involves 1) transformation of the internal form of a word, phrase, 2) its complete replacement to another for adequate transmission of the content of the utterance, 3) changes in the syntactic structure or order of words in a sentence in parallel with the replacement of participles. In addition, the translation process requires transformations not only at the grammatical level, but also at the lexical level.
Translation transformations in the article are interpreted as a necessary technique of translation, which consists in changing the formal (lexical or grammatical transformations) or semantic (semantic transformations) components of the original text while preserving the information intended for transmission. With the help of transformations, when the syntactic construction is different in English and Ukrainian languages, the equivalence of the overall overall semantics of the sentence as a unit of the syntactic level is preserved, which, in turn, ensures the adequacy of the translation, preserving the naturalness of the construction of the syntactic structure of the sentence in the Ukrainian language.