ADVANTAGES OF THE ACTIVITY-BASED APPROACH FOR THE FORMATION OF KEY COMPETENCIES OF STUDENTS OF THE XXI CENTURY

Abstract

The article is devoted to the study of activity-based approach as an innovative alternative to traditional teaching methods in the context of developing key competencies of 21st century students. The study identifies the main characteristics, principles, and advantages of activity-based methodology, and conducts a comprehensive comparative analysis with the traditional educational model. The article outlines the essence of the activity-based approach, which involves engaging students in active knowledge construction through practical activities, research, and real-world problem solving instead of passive reception of ready-made information. 
The study determines the importance of transforming the pedagogical role within the activity-based approach, where the teacher acts as a facilitator of the learning process, creating conditions for the development of cognitive initiative and student autonomy. The article emphasizes that when implementing activity-based methodology, it is recommended to consider available resources, the specificities of teachers’ work, and ensure the integration of different disciplines around real-world contexts and projects.
The research conducts a systematic comparative analysis of activity-based and traditional approaches according to key parameters: content of academic subjects, educational objectives, resource allocation, teaching methods, and assessment systems. The most significant difference is the shift in emphasis from teacher-directed activities to active student participation in their own learning process through authentic projects and experiential learning.
The article analyzes the effectiveness of both approaches and demonstrates that activity-based methodology ensures improved academic achievement, enhanced learning motivation, formation of long-term information retention, and development of competencies necessary for functioning in the modern dynamic world. The activity-based approach is distinguished by its focus on developing digital literacy, adaptability, and lifelong learning capabilities.
Thus, activity-based methodology, despite implementation challenges, demonstrates significant advantages compared to traditional educational practices, effectively preparing students for 21st century realities through the development of critical thinking, creative abilities, and practical competencies, which forms the foundation of the modern educational paradigm.