PHILOSOPHICAL FOUNDATIONS OF TARAS SHEVCHENKO'S WORK: HUMANISM AND SPIRITUALITY

Abstract

The article reveals the research of the Kyiv worldview and anthropological school, in particular, V. Shinkaruk, M. Popovych, E. Bystrytskyi, V. Gorskyi, S. Krymskyi, V. Ivanov, V. Tabachkovskyi, V. Nichyk, S. Proleev. Human activity is highlighted as a form and method of practical and spiritual development of the world, analyzing its worldview and culture. The term "humanitarian" is used as a derivative of humanism.
 The importance of the humanities for the improvement of the socio-political education of the intelligentsia based on the principle of activity is singled out. An analogy is drawn between the work of Taras Shevchenko and the modern humanist movement of Ukraine.
 It is noted that Volodymyr Shayan, Stepan Yarmus, Taras Zakydalskyi, Iryna Huzar study the work of Hryhoriy Skovoroda, Taras Shevchenko, and Ivan Franko, highlighting the peculiarities of the spirituality of Ukrainians, their moral life, which elevates man to the ideal of goodness, ennobles him. The uniqueness of philosophical ideas reveal human spirituality, combining the activity of the mind, heart and spirit, as ideals of Goodness and Grace, arising from the virtues of Faith, Hope, and Love.
Attention is focused on the creation of a unique philosophical thought on the border of two eras – baroque and romanticism – the works of Hryhoriy Skovoroda and Taras Shevchenko influence the moral life of people, encouraging them to learn about the world and themselves.
The importance of the research of "Skovorodiana" and representatives of the Taras Shevchenko Scientific Society (NTSh) was emphasized – it is a force capable of awakening the people from a long-term sleep. The spirituality and humanism of Goethe and Shevchenko are important today.
It is highlighted that Ukrainians need a new humanist movement that will work with society at the level of meaning. Engage in education, form mass support, involve people in the protection of rights and freedoms. Such a movement should unite intellectuals and civil communities of different countries. People's rights and ideas of freedom are universal, so they have no national borders.