LANGUAGE REALIA AS MEANS OF SPEECH IMPACT IN AMERICAN PRESIDENTIAL DISCOURSE

Abstract

The paper focuses on the study of language realia role in the implementation of speech impact in American presidential discourse. Language realia that function in American presidential discourse are viewed as specialized verbal signs of its semiotic space, cultural and nationally determined components, words and phrases representing ethno-cultural and socio-cultural information. Presidential speech as a genre of American presidential discourse is characterized by a pragmatic orientation towards the addressee’s convictions to form or to change his personality views and positions or the value-semantic provision of his knowledge system, or correction of his behavioural preferences. These directives are realized in the process of speech impact. The language realia functioning in American presidential discourse become an effective means of speech impact. The subject-thematic types of language realia involved in the realization of speech impact are represented by ethnographic realia, socio-political realia, toponyms and anthroponyms to denote institutions, historical facts, prominent compatriots and events. The choice of language realia by the addresser of the American presidential discourse is motivationally targeted. The realia employed for the realization of such socio-political intentions of the president as the intention of consolidation of society, the inspirational intention and the declarative intention. Language units that surround the realia enhance the effect of speech impact realization.