STRUCTURAL-SEMANTIC PECULIARITIES OF EUPHEMISMS AND WAYS OF THEIR TRANSLATION FROM THE SOURCE LANGUAGE

Abstract

Euphemisms, their structural and semantic varieties and the peculiarities of functioning in the language process are investigated in the article. Euphemisms are words which are used to substitute indecent, rude, offensive or impolite words in the process of communication. The substitution is accounted by the speaker’s tendency to be considerate and not to offend other people. This device is dictated by social conventions.
There are different classifications of euphemisms. Linguists classify them according to structural and semantic features. Euphemisms can be expressed by single words, word combinations, phraseological units or sentences. Most of euphemisms have stylistic connotations in their semantic structure. In present day they are based on some social and ethical standard of behaviour. Euphemisms are used to avoid social, moral,political and superstitious taboos.
The focus is on the problem of translating euphemisms. Various strategies and approaches to translating this vocabularyare considered in the article. The author of the article investigates the use of translation transformations in the process of translating euphemisms from the source language. Translation transformations are lexico-semantic, structural and functional adequate means of covering associate, correlative and informative relationships in the source and target languages. Addition and specification are considered as the most effective ways of translating euphemisms.