LINGUISTIC MEANS OF REALIZATION OFTHE ARGUMENT STRATEGY TACTICS IN THE POLITICAL DISCOURSE OF AMERICAN POLITICIANS

Abstract

The article deals with political discourse as a synthesis of cognitive, linguistic and extra-lingual factors. Political speech, as a part of the mechanism of political communication, aims to inspire addressees (citizens), to achieve the commitment of the audience, to convince the listeners in the necessity of politically correct actions or evaluations and to get their support. The purpose of political discourse is not to describe, but mainly to convince, to persuade and get to action. Politicians give arguments and facts, resort to different methods of persuasion, use strategies of argumentation and tactics in their speeches. The argumentation has been described as a set of carefully thought out speech acts which depend on a communicative situation and their aim is to achieve certain communicative goal in the process of communication. The strategies of argumentation used to achieve the aim are named tactics. Each tactic is characterized by usage of certain forms of argumentation, and definite reasonable and emotional arguments. The study of linguistic and cognitive means for realization of the language strategy of argumentation, the ability of politicians to argue their actions with the help of lexical units, is of great interest in the context of studying political discourse in the frame of English-Ukrainian bilingualism.