RIDDLE AS TEXT AND SIGN

Abstract

The texts of the Ukrainian folk riddles, their semantics and structure, fixed in different collections are investigated in the article, as the article of research різнорівневі come forward and, especially, the genre features of text of riddle. A traditional riddle is examined as a language act that took place, with the expressed positions of sender (left part of text) and addressee (right part of text), the most ancient cultural code (code) that has different social functions is fixed in that. It will be that a riddle has an absolute метамовну function, as a not object / the phenomenon / property, but word is thought, that is why interrogative part of riddle foremost is thinking of word, but not expression of subject and real conditionalities. Certainly, that the language of riddle is arranged so that, from one side, contains folklore units, from other – genre. A riddle forms the proof repertoire of semantic connections between interrogative part and answer (by solution to a riddle) that provides multiplicity of riddles with one hidden denotation.
Drawn conclusion, that a riddle is the oldest genre, that has an and book, and folklore origin, and also row of major genre descriptions: rhythmic organization, often written in verse form, own genre phraseology and structure. Text of riddle consists of descriptive part and solution to a riddle. Descriptive part is original definition to word-solution to a riddle, and in terms of semiotics she comes forward as a plan of expression in relation to solution – plan of maintenance. Both parts of this sign are at the level of language. A riddle comes forward as dialogic text that consists of functionally interrogative and corresponding expressions and is characterized a “meta-language” function. Descriptive part of riddle functionally interrogative.