THE PERIODIZATION AND TRENDS OF BILINGUAL AND MULTILINGUAL ENGLISH MEDICAL TERMINOGRAPHY DEVELOPMENT

Abstract

The article is devoted to the study of lexicography for special purposes (LSP Lexicography), English medical terminography (EMT). The use of historical and typological approach served to determine the role and place of EMT in the system of the global scientific and technical field of medicine.
To achieve this goal, a number of tasks was solved: the list of bilingual and multilingual English medical dictionaries was compiled, a lexicographic analysis of these dictionaries was carried out, a comparative analysis of all the results obtained, including non-linguistic and linguistic parameters, was performed.
The object of the study is 129 translation dictionaries published in the framework of English medical terminography (XIII c. – 2019). The subject – the features of the formation and development of translation English medical terminography (TEMT).
Two periods in the development of TEMT were distinguished: prototerminographic (XIII – XVI centuries) and terminographic (XVII c. – 2019 year).
The prototerminographшс period is characterized by the formation of medical terminography, which is marked by the development of protomedical, Greek and Latin terminography, followed by the creation of English medical encyclopaedias and multilingual medical dictionaries.
The terminographic period is remarkable for the creation of medical terms and their terminographic registration under the influence of the scientific and technological revolution and it is differentiated into developing (XVII c. – XVIII c.) and developed (XIX century – 2019). The accumulation of knowledge implemented in practical and theoretical lexicography was manifested at the level of mega- and microstructure of the dictionaries.
So the development of TEMT was begun with multilingual dictionaries with simple structures, which performed almost all the functions of modern dictionaries: collection, systematization, standardization, interpretation / translation of English medical terms and the transfer of specialized knowledge. The independent formation of TEMT started in the 17th century with the subsequent rapid improvement of its terminographic tools.