LEXICAL MEANS OF THE LINGUISTIC SIGN «FAKE» TO INFLUENCE PEOPLE

Abstract

The article focuses on the problem of the latent informational and socio-psychological influence on people by means of linguistic means, aimed at stimulation a person for actions that are contrary to his interests, system of values and/or gaining political advantage or disparage an opponent in online media resources. It is investigated that the latent impact properties of the dominant language unit “fake» is formed by its denotative and signicative meanings transformation caused by extralinguistic factors. The effective means of such exposure are an «empty denotate», which reflects the phenomena and is actualised by the lexical items «fake» in situations when they denote an unreal class of referents; a diffuse denotate denoting heterogeneous phenomena and extended semantic changes in signification when the lexical items «fake» is used to refer to new objects and acquire a new dimensions.
The lexical and grammatical properties of this linguistic unit such as synonyms, euphemisms used on the semiotic level are described. Special metasemiotic extralinguistically motivated means of the linguistic sign «fake» such as metaphors, myths, and expert input are purposefully used in media and social online resources to influence people due to the creator’s aim.