FUNCTIONING OF POLISH AND UKRAINIAN PHRASEOLOGY WITH A COMPONENT NAMING FOOD IN PUBLICIST TEXTS (CONTRASTIVE APPROACH)

Abstract

The article presents the function of Polish and Ukrainian phraseology, containing a component that names food in journalistic texts (in a contrastive approach). The analysis includes lexemes, which appears in the text of both languages, e.g. chleb/хліб, sól/сіль, mleko/молоко, as well as those appearing only in the text of one of them, e.g. kluski, drożdże in Polish, or сало, гречка in Ukrainian. Phrases, thanks to their imagery and depth of meaning go beyond the sum of the words they create and are a fashionable stylistic measure for the creators of informational text. Their simple form allows, for example journalists, to create word-games, often understood only by users of a given language because they refer to specific situations or people. In addition, phrases may contain an element of positive or negative assessment which significantly affects the message. Text constructed in this way is intended not only to convey information but also to influence the judgement of the recipients – hence the axiological function of phraseology. Based on the text analyzed in a given study, one can also indicate their expressive, persuasive, evaluative and phatic function. It should also be noted that phrases containing the names of basic products in both languages perform the same function – this is due to their very clear motivation and their deeply rooted position in the cultures of both nations. The more diverse a range of food products, the more diverse their motivation. Proposed analysis is covering only part of this extensive material and is raising only a few aspects of this important topic. In the future, it can be the basis for further research and extension.