THE SYNTACTIC RELATIONSHIP OF GOVERMENT IN POLISH AND UKRAINIAN LANGUAGES (ON THE EXAMPLE OF VERBAL PHRASES)

Abstract

The article studies the features of syntactic norms in the studied Slavic languages, namely, linguistic analysis by comparing the syntactic connection of government in the Polish and Ukrainian languages. Comparative linguistics helps us find common points of contact and differences between related languages; the results obtained will contribute to the smooth flow of interlingual communication. In the method of interlingual comparison, two techniques are important: comparison based on similarity, which makes it possible to highlight what is common in the systems of two languages, and contrast, which helps to highlight different linguistic phenomena. The publication highlights the common and distinctive features of the implementation of syntactic verbal communication of government in both languages and discusses the specifics of their implementation. Among the general syntactic forms we find the expression of direct application mainly by forms of the present case. Particular attention is paid to the variability of government forms and differences in verbal government in closely related languages. We found that individual Polish verbs, equivalent in content and formally similar to Ukrainian ones, due to their special compatibility, may have a different grammatical environment: Polish verbs combined with a dependent word without a preposition have their own prepositional analogues in the Ukrainian language. Differences in verbal government are also highlighted using the example of non-prepositional constructions, which appear in the case forms of the dependent word. Language disagreements are often caused by the polysemantic nature of Polish verbs. In the case of interlingual communication, in order to avoid language interference, they must be studied as phraseological units. The article also examines the specifics of other occurrences of functioning of this type of phrases in both languages under study, which are not covered by either a case form or a preposition.